E) The Conditional / Le conditionnel
1)
Types of Conditional
2) The Negative conditional
1)Types of
Conditional / Types de conditionnel:
- There are three (03) main types of
conditional sentenses:
- Il y a trois (03) types principaux de conditionnel:
|
Type of the
conditional (Type du conditionnel ) |
Form of the if-clause (Forme de la proposition de condition |
Form of the main clause |
It is used
|
Example(Exemple) |
|
Type I
|
if + present |
will + stem |
to express that
something will happen if a certain condition is fulfilled. (pour exprimer que quelque chose va se dérouler si une certaine condition est accomplie.) |
If you do
it, he will understand you. (Si tu le fait, il te comprendra.) |
| Type II |
a) if + past
simple |
would
+ stem |
to express the
probable result of a certain condition that we suppose or imagine. (pour exprimer le résultat probable d' une certaine condition qu' on suppose ou imagine.) |
He
would come
if you called him. (Il serais venu si tu l' a appelé.) |
| b) if + were
(for all the persons) |
to express imaginary or impossible
conditions. (pour exprimer des conditions imaginaires ou impossibles.) |
If I were
rich I would buy a plane. (Si j' étais riche j'aurais acheté un avion.) |
||
| Type III |
if + past perfect |
would
have + past participle |
to express
impossible ideas. We know the condition was not fulfilled, but we like
to imagine the result if... ( pour exprimer des ideas impossibles. On sait que que la condition n' est pas accomplie, mais on voudrais imaginer le résultat si ... |
He
would have helped you
if you had asked him.
(but he didn’t help you! Why? Because you didn’t ask him). ( Il t' aurais aidé si tu lui avais demandé.) (Mais il ne t' a pas aidé pourquoi? Parce que tu ne lui a pas demandé.) |
2) The Negative conditional /
Le conditionnnel négatif :
We can express a negative condition with
unless
which is usually close in meaning to "if not" but cannot be
universally substituted for if not.
On exprime une condition négative avec unless (à mons que) qui est
généralement proche de "if not" ("si non") mais peut pas être
universalement substitué pour "if not"
e.g. You
will fail
unless you work hard.
par exemple: Tu va échouer à moins que tu travaille dur.
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